These are things I‘ve seen or done, though of other input there may be a sliver.
Though I claim to know these things, your experience may differ.
Solids:
- maintain fixed volume
- maintain fixed shape
- resist force
- are shaped by impact
Crystals:
- are often known by their natural shape
- are sometimes known by their color
- are said to consist of repeating sequences of specific elements
- are said to have a highly ordered structure
- can be created organically, and artificially
- may form polymorphs
Minerals:
- are often known by their color
- have a crystalline structure
- occur naturally
- are inorganic
- may form polymorphs
Polymorphs:
- are said to have the same chemical composition, but different crystalline structures.
- may have very different physical properties
Rocks:
- consist of various crystals and minerals
- have no definite shape
- may be of differing colors
Metals tend to be:
- hard
- shiny
- malleable; they can be hammered or pressed and remain intact
- fusible; pieces can be easily connected through melting
- ductile; they can be drawn into a thin wire
Glass:
- is brittle
- may be shaped through inflation
- may be shaped through extrusion
- may be shaped in molds, when molten
- refracts
- reflects
- transmits light
- resists chemical reaction
- is impermeable to water
- is said to be an amorphous solid; its structure is said not to be particularly well ordered